Ulawulo olutsha lweebhetri (Isindululo seEU)
EntshaIibhetriUmmiselo (Isindululo se-EU),
Iibhetri,
▍Yintoni i-cTUVus & ne-ETL CERTIFICATION?
I-OSHA (i-Occupational Safety and Health Administration), enxulumene ne-US DOL (iSebe lezeMisebenzi), ifuna ukuba zonke iimveliso eziza kusetyenziswa kwindawo yokusebenza kufuneka zivavanywe kwaye ziqinisekiswe yi-NRTL ngaphambi kokuba zithengiswe emarikeni.Imigangatho yovavanyo esebenzayo ibandakanya imigangatho ye-American National Standards Institute (ANSI);Imigangatho ye-American Society for Testing Material (ASTM), imigangatho yeLabhoratri ye-Underwriter (UL), kunye nemigangatho yombutho wokuqaphela okufanayo.
▍OSHA, NRTL, cTUVus, ETL kunye ne-UL inkcazo yamagama kunye nobudlelwane
OSHA:Ushunqulelo loKhuseleko eMsebenzini kunye noLawulo lwezeMpilo.Lumanyano lwe-US DOL (iSebe lezaBasebenzi).
NRTL:Ushunqulelo lweLebhu yoVavanyo eyaMkelwe kuZwelonke.Ijongene noqinisekiso lwaselebhu.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho i-18 amaziko ovavanyo lomntu wesithathu avunywe yi-NRTL, kubandakanya iTUV, ITS, MET njalo njalo.
cTUVus:Uphawu lwesatifikethi se-TUVRh eMntla Melika.
ETL:Ufinyezo lweLebhu yoVavanyo loMbane yaseMelika.Yasekwa ngo-1896 nguAlbert Einstein, umqambi waseMelika.
UL:Ushunqulelo lweUnderwriter Laboratories Inc.
▍Umahluko phakathi kwecTUVus, ETL & UL
| Into | UL | cTUVus | ETL |
| Umgangatho osetyenziswayo | Kuyafana | ||
| Iziko elikufaneleyo ukufumana isatifikethi | I-NRTL (ilabhoratri evunywe kuzwelonke) | ||
| Imakethi esetyenziswayo | UMntla Melika (eUS naseKhanada) | ||
| Uvavanyo kunye neziko lezatifiketi | I-Underwriter Laboratory (China) Inc yenza uvavanyo kwaye ikhuphe ileta yokuqukumbela iprojekthi | I-MCM yenza uvavanyo kunye nesatifikethi se-TUV | I-MCM yenza uvavanyo kunye nesatifikethi se-TUV |
| Ixesha lokukhokhela | 5-12W | 2-3W | 2-3W |
| Iindleko zesicelo | Ephezulu kontanga | Malunga ne-50 ~ 60% yeendleko ze-UL | Malunga ne-60 ~ 70% yeendleko ze-UL |
| Inzuzo | Iziko lasekhaya laseMelika elinokwamkelwa okuhle e-US naseCanada | Iziko lamazwe ngamazwe linegunya kwaye libonelela ngexabiso elifanelekileyo, likwavunywa nguMntla Melika | Iziko laseMelika elinokwamkelwa kakuhle eMntla Melika |
| Ukusilela |
| Ukunakana kwebhrendi okuncinci kune-UL | Uqwalaselo olungaphantsi kunolo lwe-UL kwisiqinisekiso secandelo lemveliso |
▍Kutheni i-MCM?
● Inkxaso ethambileyo evela kwisiqinisekiso neteknoloji:Njengelebhu yovavanyo lwamangqina ye-TUVRH kunye ne-ITS kwiSiqinisekiso soMntla waseMelika, i-MCM iyakwazi ukwenza zonke iintlobo zovavanyo kunye nokubonelela ngenkonzo engcono ngokutshintshiselana ngetekhnoloji ubuso ngobuso.
● Inkxaso enzima evela kubuchwepheshe:I-MCM ixhotyiswe ngazo zonke izixhobo zovavanyo lweebhetri ezinkulu, ezinobungakanani obuncinci kunye neeprojekthi ezichanekileyo (oko kukuthi imoto yombane ephathwayo, amandla okugcina, kunye neemveliso zedijithali), ekwazi ukubonelela ngovavanyo lwebhetri ngokubanzi kunye neenkonzo zesatifikethi kuMntla Melika, ukugubungela imigangatho. UL2580, UL1973, UL2271, UL1642, UL2054 njalo njalo.
IKomishoni indulule entshaIibhetriUmmiselo kunye neziHlomelo nge-10 kaDisemba 2020
Idrafti yemigaqo emitsha isekwe kwi-EU's Battery Directive 2006/66/EC.Iinjongo ze
isindululo siquka imiba emithathu: iseti eqhelekileyo yemithetho ukuqinisekisa ibala lokudlala elisemgangathweni, ngaloo ndlela
ukuqinisa imarike yangaphakathi kuquka iimveliso, iinkqubo, kunye neebhetri inkunkuma, ukusebenza
ibhetri kunye neemveliso ezisetyenzisiweyo;Ukukhuthazwa koqoqosho lwesetyhula;Ukuncitshiswa kokusingqongileyo kunye nentlalo
iimpembelelo kuwo onke amanqanaba omjikelo wobomi bebhetri.
IKomishoni indulula ukuqokelelwa okusisinyanzelo kunye neemfuno zokurisayikilisha kuzo zonke iibhetri (okt
imizi-mveliso, izithuthi, isithuthi sombane kunye nesiphathwayo) ezibekwe kwimarike ye-EU.Njenge:
1. Kwiibhetri eziphathekayo, inani langoku le-45% yezinga lokuqokelela kufuneka linyuke liye kuma-65% ngo-2025 kwaye
I-70% ngo-2030. Zonke iibhetri eziqokelelweyo kufuneka zihlaziywe kwaye zisetyenziswe kwakhona, ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe-cobalt, i-lithium,
nickel, ilothe, njl.
2. Ukusukela nge-1 kaJulayi 2024, kuphela iibhetri zemoto zemizi-mveliso nezombane ezitshajekayo kuphela apho kukho ikhabhoni.
isibhengezo seenyawo sele sisekiwe, sinokubekwa kwimarike
3. Ukususela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2026, iimveliso mazifakwe ileyibhile ngokungqinelana ne-carbon intensity performance.
udidi, ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukuqonda ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngexesha lemveliso, umthamo,
iindlela zokurisayikilisha, izinto eziyingozi kunye nemingcipheko yokhuseleko yebhetri
