Imvelaphi

NgoJuni 14^th Ngo-2023, ipalamente ye-EUvumada umthetho omtsha oza kulungisa izikhokelo zebhetri ze-EU, ezigqumayouyilo, ukuvelisa kunye nolawulo lwenkunkuma. Umgaqo omtsha uya kuthatha indawo yomyalelo we-2006 / 66 / EC, kwaye ubizwa ngokuba nguMthetho omtsha weBattery.Ngomhla we-10 kaJulayi, i-2023, iBhunga le-European Union lamkela umgaqo kwaye lawupapasha kwiwebhusayithi yalo esemthethweni. Lo mmiselo uya kuqala ukusebenza ngomhla we-20 ukususela kumhla wopapasho.

I-Directive 2006/66/EC imalungakokusingqongileyoukhuseleko kunye nebhetri elahlekileyoulawulo. Nangona kunjalo, ulwalathiso oludala lunemida yalo ngokunyuka okuphezulu kwemfuno yebhetri. Ngokusekelwe kumyalelo omdala, umthetho omtsha uchaza imigaqo kwiuzinzo, ukusebenza, ukhuseleko, ukuqokelelwa, ukusetyenzwa kwakhona kunye nenjongo yokuphila kwakhona. Ikwalawula ukuba abasebenzisi bokugqibela kunye nabaqhubi abafanelekileyo kufuneka babekubonelelwekunye nokwenziwa kwebhetri.

Amanyathelo aphambili

• Umda wokusetyenziswa kwemercury, cadmium kunye nelothe.
• Ibhetri ephinda itshajwe kwishishini, iindlela ezilula zebhetri yezothutho kunye neebhetri ze-EV ezingaphezulu kwe-2kWh kufuneka ibonelele ngesibhengezo sophawu lwekhabhoni kunye neleyibhile ngokunyanzelekileyo. Oku kuya kuphunyezwa kwiinyanga ezili-18 emva kokuba ummiselo uyasebenza.
• Umthetho ulawula ubuncinane beinokuphinda isetyenzisweumgangatho wezinto ezisebenzayo

-Umxholo weicobalt, ukukhokela, i-lithium kunyenickelIibhetri ezintsha kufuneka zibhengezwe kumaxwebhu kwiminyaka emi-5 emva kokuba umthetho omtsha usemthethweni.

-Emva kokuba umthetho omtsha uthatha iminyaka eyi-8 esebenzayo, ubuncinci bepesenti yomxholo onokuphinda usetyenziswe kwakhona: 16% ye-cobalt, i-85% ye-lead, i-6% ye-lithium, i-6% ye-nickel.

-Emva kokuba umthetho omtsha uthatha iminyaka eyi-13, ubuncinci bepesenti yomxholo onokuphinda usetyenziswe kwakhona: i-26% ye-cobalt, i-85% ye-lead, i-12% ye-lithium, i-15% ye-nickel.

• Ibhetri ephinda itshajwe kushishino, iindlela ezilula zebhetri yezothutho kunye neebhetri ze-EV ezingaphezulu kwe-2kWh kufunekaiqhotyoshelwengoxwebhu oluchazayoelectrochemistryukusebenza kunye nokuqina.
•  Iibhetri eziphathekayo kufuneka ziyilelwe ukuba zisuswe lula okanye zitshintshwe.

(EphathekayoIibhetri kufuneka zithathwe njengezisuswe ngokulula ngabasebenzisi bokugqibela. Oku kuthetha ukuba iibhetri zinokukhutshwa ngezixhobo ezikhoyo kwimarike endaweni yezixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zibonelelwa ngokukhululekileyo.)

• Inkqubo yokugcina amandla emileyo, eyeyebhetri yemizi-mveliso, kufuneka yenze uvavanyo lokhuseleko. Oku kuya kuphunyezwa kwiinyanga ezili-12 emva kokuba ummiselo usebenze.
• Iibhetri ze-LMT, iibhetri zamashishini ezinomthamo ongaphezulu kwe-2kWh kunye neebhetri ze-EV kufuneka zinike ipasipoti yedijithali, enokufikelela ngokuskena ikhowudi ye-QR. Oku kuya kuphunyezwa kwiinyanga ezingama-42 emva kokuba ummiselo uyasebenza.
• Kuya kubakho inkuthalo kubo bonke abaqhubi bezoqoqosho, ngaphandle kwe-SME enengeniso yokusebenza engaphantsi kwe-40 yezigidi zee-Euro.
• Ibhetri nganye okanye ipakethe yayo kufuneka ibhalwe ngophawu lweCE. Inombolo yesazisi yebhodi eyazisiweyo nayo kufuneka ibeuphawued ecaleni kwamanqaku e-CE.
• Ulawulo lwempilo yebhetri kunye neminyaka elindelekileyo yokuphila kufuneka ibonelelwe. Oku kubandakanya: umthamo oseleyo, amaxesha okujikeleza, isantya sokuzikhupha, i-SOC, njl njl. Oku kuya kuphunyezwa kwiinyanga ezili-12 emva kokuba umthetho uyasebenza.

Inkqubela phambili yamva nje

Emva kokoivoti yokugqibela kwindibano yocweyo, iBhunga ngoku kuya kufuneka liyivume ngokusesikweni isicatshulwa phambi kokuba sipapashwe kwi-EU Official Journal kungekudala emva kokuba iqalise ukusebenza.

Pha'Kuselithuba elide phambi kokuba umthetho omtsha usebenze, ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukuba amashishini asabele. Nangona kunjalo, amashishini kufuneka athathe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza ukuba alungele urhwebo lwexesha elizayo eYurophu.