Umda wokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zogcino lwamandla ngoku uquka yonke imiba yexabiso lamandla ombane, kubandakanywa ukuveliswa kwamandla omthamo omkhulu oqhelekileyo, ukuveliswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla, uthungelwano lokuhambisa, kunye nolawulo lwamandla ekupheleni komsebenzisi. Kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla kufuneka zidibanise amandla ombane aphantsi e-DC abawavelisa ngokuthe ngqo kumbane ophezulu we-AC wegridi yamandla ngokusebenzisa ii-inverters. Kwangaxeshanye, ii-inverters ziyafuneka ukuba zigcine i-frequency yegridi kwimeko yokuphazamiseka rhoqo, ukuze kuphunyezwe uqhagamshelo lwegridi yeenkqubo zokugcina amandla. Okwangoku, amanye amazwe akhuphe iimfuno ezisemgangathweni ezifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla ezidityanisiweyo kwigridi kunye nee-inverters. Phakathi kwazo, iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ezidityanisiweyo zegridi ezikhutshwe yi-United States, iJamani kunye ne-Italiya zibanzi, eziza kwaziswa ngokubanzi ngezantsi.
iunited States
Ngo-2003, i-Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) yase-United States yakhupha umgangatho we-IEEE1547, owawungowona mgangatho wokuqala wokusasazwa koqhagamshelwano lwegridi yamandla. Emva koko, uthotho lwemigangatho ye-IEEE 1547 (IEEE 1547.1~IEEE 1547.9) yakhululwa, imisela inkqubo yomgangatho wonxibelelwano lwegridi epheleleyo. Inkcazo yamandla asasazwayo e-United States iye yanda ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kumandla ombane asasazwayo alula ukuya kwindawo yokugcina amandla, impendulo yemfuno, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, izithuthi zombane kunye nezinye iindawo. Okwangoku, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ezixhunyiwe kwigridi kunye nee-inverters ezithunyelwa e-United States kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho ye-IEEE 1547 kunye ne-IEEE 1547.1, eziyimfuneko yokungena kwimarike yase-US.
| Inombolo yoMgangatho. | Igama |
| IEEE 1547: 2018 | Umgangatho we-IEEE woQhagamshelwano kunye nokuSebenzisana kweZibonelelo zaMandla aSasazo kunye neNxulumaniso yeeNkqubo zaMandla oMbane. |
| IEEE 1547.1:2020 | IiNkqubo zoVavanyo lokuThotyelwa koMgangatho we-IEEE weSixhobo sokuDityaniswa kweZibonelelo zaMandla asasazwayo kunye neNkqubo yaMandla oMbane kunye neMisebenzi eDityanisiweyo. |
udibano lwaseyurophu
UMmiselo we-EU 2016/631Ukuseka iKhowudi yeNethiwekhi kwiiMfuno zoQhagamshelwano lweGridi yeeJenereyitha (NC RfG) ichaza iimfuno zokudityaniswa kwegridi kumaziko okuvelisa amandla afana neemodyuli zokuvelisa ulungelelwaniso, iimodyuli zengingqi zamandla kunye neemodyuli zengingqi zamandla onxweme ukuphumeza inkqubo edibeneyo. Phakathi kwabo, i-EN 50549-1/-2 ngumgangatho olungelelanisiweyo ofanelekileyo wommiselo. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba nangona inkqubo yokugcina amandla ingangeni ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusetyenziswa komgaqo we-RfG, ifakwe kwi-scope yokusetyenziswa kwe-EN 50549 yemigangatho yemigangatho. Okwangoku, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla eziqhagamshelwe kwigridi ezingena kwimarike ye-EU ngokubanzi kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zemigangatho ye-EN 50549-1/-2, kunye nezinye iimfuno zamazwe afanelekileyo e-EU.
| Inombolo yoMgangatho. | Igama | Ububanzi beSicelo |
| EN 50549-1: 2019 + A1: 2023 | (Iimfuno zezixhobo zombane eziqhagamshelwe ngokunxuseneyo kunye nothungelwano losasazo-Icandelo 1: Uqhagamshelo kuthungelwano losasazo lwe-voltage ephantsi-Izityalo zamandla zohlobo B nangaphantsi) | Iimfuno zoqhagamshelo lwegridi kuHlobo lwe-B nangaphantsi (800W＜amandla≤6MW) izixhobo zokuvelisa umbane eziqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano losasazo lwe-voltage ephantsi |
| EN 50549-2:2019 | (Iimfuno zezixhobo zombane eziqhagamshelwe ngokunxuseneyo nothungelwano losasazo-Icandelo 2: Uqhagamshelo kuthungelwano losasazo lwamandla ombane aphakathi-Amaziko ombane ohlobo B nangaphezulu) | Iimfuno zoqhagamshelo lwegridi kuHlobo lwe-B nangaphezulu (800W＜amandla≤6MW) izixhobo zokuvelisa umbane eziqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano lokuhambisa umbane ophakathi |
Jemani
Ekuqaleni kuka-2000, iJamani yabhengeza iUMthetho waMandla aVuselelwayo(EEG), kunye noMbutho woQoqosho lwaMandla kunye noLawulo lwaManzi eJamani (BDEW) emva koko baqulunqa izikhokelo zoqhagamshelo lwegridi yombane ophakathi ngokusekwe kwi-EEG. Ekubeni izikhokelo zokudityaniswa kwegridi zibeka kuphela iimfuno ngokubanzi, i-German Wind Energy kunye nenye i-Renewable Energy Development Association (FGW) kamva yaqulunqa uluhlu lwemigangatho yobugcisa TR1~TR8 esekelwe kwi-EEG. Emva koko,Jemani ukhuphe entshauhleloyesikhokelo soqhagamshelwano lwegridi yombane ophakathi VDE-AR-N 4110:2018 ngo-2018 ngokuhambelana nemithetho ye-EU RfG, endaweni yesikhokelo sokuqala se-BDEW.I imodeli yoqinisekiso yesi sikhokelo ibandakanya amacandelo amathathu: uvavanyo lohlobo, ukuthelekisa imodeli kwaye isiqinisekiso, esiphunyezwa ngokuhambelana nemigangatho TR3, TR4 kunye neTR8 ekhutshiweyo nguFGW. Kubaamandla ombane aphezuluiimfuno zoqhagamshelwano lwegridi,VDE-AR-N-4120iyakulandelwa.
| Izikhokelo | Ububanzi beSicelo |
| I-VDE-AR-N 4105: 2018 | Isebenza kwizixhobo zokuvelisa amandla kunye nezixhobo zokugcina amandla ezidityaniswe kwigridi yamandla ephantsi-voltage (≤1kV), okanye ngomthamo ongaphantsi kwe-135kW. Ikwasebenza nakwiinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla ezinomthamo we-135kW okanye ngaphezulu kodwa isixhobo sokuvelisa amandla esinye esingaphantsi kwama-30kW. |
| VDE-AR-N 4110:2023 | Isebenza kwizixhobo zokuvelisa umbane, izixhobo zokugcina amandla, izixhobo zemfuno yombane, kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja izithuthi zombane eziqhagamshelwe kwigridi yamandla ombane aphakathi (1kV＜V＜60kV) enomthamo oqhagamshelwe kwigridi ye-135kW nangaphezulu. |
| I-VDE-AR-N 4120: 2018 | Isebenza kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla, izixhobo zokugcina amandla kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja izithuthi zombane eziqhagamshelwe kwiigridi zamandla ombane aphezulu (60kV≤V＜150kV). |
ElamaTaliyane
IKhomishini ye-Electrotechnical yaseNtaliyane (i-COMITATO ELETTROTECNICO ITALIANO, i-CEI) ikhuphe imigangatho yokuqinisekisa i-low-voltage ephantsi, i-medium-voltage kunye ne-high-voltage yokugcinwa kwamandla kwiimfuno zokuxhunywa kwegridi yegridi, ezisebenzayo kwizixhobo zokugcina amandla ezixhunywe kwinkqubo yamandla yaseNtaliyane. Le migangatho mibini okwangoku iyimfuneko yokungena kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla ombane kwigridi e-Itali.
| Inombolo yoMgangatho. | Igama | Ububanzi beSicelo |
| CEI 0-21;V1:2022 | Imithetho yobugcisa bereferensi yokudityaniswa kwabasebenzisi abasebenzayo kunye nabangenzi nto kumaziko ombane ombane ophantsi | Isebenza kubasebenzisi ukuba baqhagamshele kuthungelwano losasazo olunomlinganiselo wombane ophantsi we-AC (≤1kV) |
| CEI 0-16:2022 | Imithetho yobugcisa ebhekiselele kubasebenzisi abasebenzayo kunye nabangenzi nto ukufikelela kwiigridi zamandla ombane aphezulu naphakathi kwiinkampani zokuhambisa) | Isebenza kubasebenzisi abaqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano losasazo olunomlinganiselo wombane we-AC wombane ophakathi okanye ophezulu (1kV ~ 150kV) |
Amanye amazwe e-EU
Iimfuno zoqhagamshelo lwegridi kwamanye amazwe e-EU aziyi kucaciswa apha, kwaye yimigangatho efanelekileyo yoqinisekiso kuphela eya kudweliswa.
| Ilizwe | Iimfuno |
| Bheljiyam | C10/11Iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zoqhagamshelo lobugcisa kumaziko okuvelisa anatyisiweyo asebenza ngokunxuseneyo nothungelwano losasazo.
Iimfuno zobugcisa ezikhethekileyo zokudibanisa izibonelelo zemveliso ezinatyisiweyo ezisebenza ngokufanayo kuthungelwano lokuhambisa amandla |
| Romaniya | ANRE Umyalelo wenombolo. 30/2013-Technical Norm-Technical IiMfuno zokudibanisa izityalo zamandla e-photovoltaic kwinethiwekhi yombane kawonkewonke; ANRE Umyalelo wenombolo. 51/2009- IiMfuno zobuChwephesha eziQhelekileyo-zoBuchule zokuqhagamshela izixhobo zamandla omoya kuthungelwano lombane loluntu;
ANRE Umyalelo wenombolo. 29/2013-Technical Norm-IsiHlomelo kwiiMfuno zobuGcisa zokuqhagamshela izixhobo zamandla omoya kuthungelwano lombane loluntu
|
| Swizalend | NA/EEA-CH, Iisetingi zelizwe eSwitzerland |
| Sloveniya | I-SONDO kunye ne-SONDSEE (imithetho yesizwe yaseSlovenia yokudibanisa kunye nokusebenza kweejeneretha kwinethiwekhi yokusabalalisa) |
eTshayina
I-China yaqala emva kwexesha ekuphuhliseni inkqubo yokugcina amandla edityaniswe ngetekhnoloji yegridi. Okwangoku, imigangatho yesizwe yenkqubo yokugcina amandla igridi-eqhagamshelwe iyaqulunqwa kwaye ikhululwe. Kukholelwa ukuba inkqubo eqhelekileyo edityanisiweyo yegridi iya kwenziwa kwixesha elizayo.
| Umgangatho | Igama | Phawula |
| GB/T 36547-2018 | Imigaqo yobugcisa yokudibanisa izikhululo zamandla okugcina amandla e-electrochemical kwigridi yamandla | I-GB/T 36547-2024 iya kuphunyezwa ngoDisemba 2024 kwaye iya kuthatha indawo yolu hlelo |
| GB/T 36548-2018 | Iinkqubo zovavanyo lwezikhululo zamandla zokugcina amandla e-electrochemical kufuneka ziqhagamshelwe kwigridi yombane | I-GB/T 36548-2024 iya kuphunyezwa ngoJanuwari 2025 kwaye iya kuthatha indawo yolu hlelo |
| GB/T 43526-2023 | Imigaqo yobuchwephesha yokudibanisa icala lomsebenzisi inkqubo yokugcina amandla e-electrochemical kwinethiwekhi yokusabalalisa | Iphunyezwe ngoJulayi ka-2024 |
| GB/T 44113-2024 | Inkcazo yolawulo oluqhagamshelwe kwigridi yeenkqubo zokugcina amandla ombane we-electrochemical kwicala lomsebenzisi | Iphunyezwe ngoDisemba ka-2024 |
| GB/T XXXXX | Inkcazo yokhuseleko ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla ezixhunyiwe kwigridi | Isalathiso kwi-IEC TS 62933-5-1: 2017(MOD) |
Isishwankathelo
Itekhnoloji yokugcinwa kwamandla yinxalenye engenakuphepheka yenguqu kwimveliso yamandla avuselelekayo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla ezixhunyiwe kwigridi ngokukhawuleza, kulindeleke ukuba kudlale indima enkulu kwiigridi ezizayo. Okwangoku, amazwe amaninzi azakukhupha iimfuno zoqhagamshelo lwegridi ezihambelanayo ngokusekwe kweyabo imeko yokwenyani. Kubenzi benkqubo yokugcina amandla, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo iimfuno ezihambelanayo zokufikelela kwimarike ngaphambi kokuyila iimveliso, ukuze ufezekise ngokuchanekileyo iimfuno zokulawula indawo yokuthumela ngaphandle, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuhlola imveliso, kunye nokubeka ngokukhawuleza iimveliso kwimarike.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-14-2024