Isishwankathelo sophuhliso lweLithium ibhetri electrolyte,
Lithium ibhetri electrolyte,

▍ISikimu soBhaliso esiSinyanzelo (CRS)

UMphathiswa wezobuChwepheshe kunye nobuChwepheshe boLwazi ukhululiweI-Electronics & Information Technology Goods-iMfuneko kuMyalelo woBhaliso oluSinyanzelo I-Yaziswa ngo-7^thNgoSeptemba, 2012, kwaye yaqala ukusebenza nge-3^rdOctober, 2013. I-Electronics & Information Technology Products Requirement kuBhaliso oluSinyanzelo, into edla ngokubizwa ngokuba sisiqinisekiso se-BIS, ngokwenene ibizwa ngokuba yi-CRS yokubhalisa/isiqinisekiso. Zonke iimveliso zombane ezikwikhathalogu yemveliso yobhaliso esisinyanzelo engeniswe eIndiya okanye ethengiswa kwimarike yaseIndiya kufuneka ibhaliswe kwiBureau yeMigangatho yaseIndiya (BIS). NgoNovemba ka-2014, iintlobo ezili-15 zeemveliso ezibhalisiweyo ezinyanzelekileyo zongezwa. Iindidi ezintsha zibandakanya: iifowuni eziphathwayo, iibhetri, iibhanki zamandla, izixhobo zombane, izibane ze-LED kunye neetheminali zokuthengisa, njl.

▍ Umgangatho woVavanyo lwebhetri yeBIS

Iseli ye-nickel / ibhetri: IS 16046 (Icandelo 1): 2018/ IEC62133-1: 2017

Iseli yelithium / ibhetri: IS 16046 (Icandelo 2): 2018/ IEC62133-2: 2017

Iseli yemali/ibhetri ifakiwe kwiCRS.

▍Kutheni i-MCM?

● Besijonge kwisiqinisekiso sase-India ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 kwaye sincede umxhasi ukuba afumane ileta yokuqala yehlabathi ye-BIS yebhetri. Kwaye sinamava asebenzayo kunye noqokelelo oluluqilima lwezixhobo kwicandelo lezatifiketi ze-BIS.

● Amagosa aphezulu angaphambili eBureau of Indian Standards (BIS) aqeshwe njengabacebisi bezatifikethi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemeko kunye nokususwa komngcipheko wokucinywa kwenombolo yobhaliso.

● Sixhotyiswe ngezakhono eziqinileyo zokusombulula iingxaki kwisiqinisekiso, sidibanisa izixhobo zemveli eIndiya. I-MCM igcina unxibelelwano oluhle kunye nabasemagunyeni be-BIS ukubonelela abathengi ngeyona nto iphambili, eyona nkcazelo yobugcisa kunye neyona inegunya lesatifikethi kunye nenkonzo.

● Sikhonza iinkampani ezikhokelayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo kwaye sizuze igama elihle kwintsimi, esenza sithembeke kakhulu kwaye sixhaswe ngabaxhasi.

Kwi-1800, i-physicist yaseNtaliyane u-A. Volta wakha imfumba ye-voltaic, eyavula ukuqala kweebhetri eziphathekayo kwaye yachaza okokuqala ukubaluleka kwe-electrolyte kwizixhobo zokugcina amandla e-electrochemical. I-electrolyte inokubonwa njenge-electronic insulating kunye ne-ion-conducting layer ngendlela yolwelo okanye eqinile, efakwe phakathi kwee-electrodes ezimbi kunye ezintle. Okwangoku, eyona electrolyte iphucukileyo yenziwa ngokunyibilikisa ityuwa yelithium eqinileyo (umz. LiPF6) kwisinyibilikisi esingenamanzi se-organic carbonate (umz. EC kunye neDMC). Ngokwefomu yeseli ngokubanzi kunye noyilo, i-electrolyte ithatha i-8% ukuya kwi-15% yobunzima beeseli. Ngaphezu koko, ukutsha kwayo kunye nomgangatho wobushushu osebenzayo obuphakathi kwe-10°C ukuya kuma-60°C ithintela kakhulu ukuphuculwa okungaphaya kwamandla ebhetri nokhuseleko. Ke ngoko, ukuqulunqwa okutsha kwe-electrolyte kuthathwa njengeyona ndlela iphambili yokwenza uphuhliso lwesizukulwana esilandelayo seebhetri ezintsha.
Abaphandi basebenzela ukuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-electrolyte. Ngokomzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-solvents ene-fluorinated enokuthi iphumelele i-lithium ye-cycling yensimbi esebenzayo, i-organic ororganic solid electrolytes enenzuzo kwishishini lezithuthi kunye "neebhetri zombuso oqinileyo" (SSB). Esona sizathu sikukuba ukuba i-electrolyte eqinileyo ithatha indawo ye-electrolyte yolwelo yokuqala kunye ne-diaphragm, ukhuseleko, ukuxinana kwamandla kunye nobomi bebhetri bunokuphuculwa kakhulu. Okulandelayo, sishwankathela ikakhulu inkqubela yophando yee-electrolyte eziqinileyo ngezinto ezahlukeneyo.
Ii-electrolyte eziqinileyo ezingaphiliyo zisetyenzisiwe kurhwebo lwezixhobo zokugcina amandla e-electrochemical, ezifana nezinye iibhetri ezihlaziyiweyo ezinobushushu obuphezulu i-Na-S, i-Na-NiCl2 iibhetri kunye neebhetri eziphambili ze-Li-I2. Emuva ngo-2019, u-Hitachi Zosen (eJapan) ubonise ibhetri ye-pouch-state-slid-state ye-140 mAh ukuba isetyenziswe emajukujukwini kwaye ivavanywe kwiSikhululo seNdawo samazwe ngamazwe (ISS). Le bhetri yenziwe nge-sulfide electrolyte kunye nezinye iinxalenye zebhetri ezingachazwanga, ezikwaziyo ukusebenza phakathi kwe -40°C kunye ne-100°C. Ngo-2021 inkampani ivelisa umthamo ophezulu webhetri eyomeleleyo ye-1,000 mAh. U-Hitachi Zosen ubona imfuneko yeebhetri eziqinileyo kwiindawo ezinzima ezifana nendawo kunye nezixhobo zoshishino ezisebenza kwindawo eqhelekileyo. Inkampani iceba ukuphinda kabini umthamo webhetri ngo-2025. Kodwa okwangoku, akukho mveliso yebhetri engabonakaliyo yonke into enokuthi isetyenziswe kwizithuthi zombane.