Ingxaki yoLwandle oluBomvu inokuphazamisa ukuthumela ngenqanawa kwihlabathi jikelele
Ingxaki yoLwandle oluBomvu inokuphazamisangenqanawa yehlabathi,
ngenqanawa yehlabathi,
▍ISikimu soBhaliso esiSinyanzelo (CRS)
UMphathiswa wezobuChwepheshe kunye nobuChwepheshe boLwazi ukhululiweI-Electronics & Information Technology Goods-iMfuneko kuMyalelo woBhaliso oluSinyanzelo I-Yaziswa ngo-7thNgoSeptemba, 2012, kwaye yaqala ukusebenza nge-3rdOctober, 2013. I-Electronics & Information Technology Products Requirement kuBhaliso oluSinyanzelo, into edla ngokubizwa ngokuba sisiqinisekiso se-BIS, ngokwenene ibizwa ngokuba yi-CRS yokubhalisa/isiqinisekiso. Zonke iimveliso zombane ezikwikhathalogu yemveliso yobhaliso esisinyanzelo engeniswe eIndiya okanye ethengiswa kwimarike yaseIndiya kufuneka ibhaliswe kwiBureau yeMigangatho yaseIndiya (BIS). NgoNovemba ka-2014, iintlobo ezili-15 zeemveliso ezibhalisiweyo ezinyanzelekileyo zongezwa. Iindidi ezintsha zibandakanya: iifowuni eziphathwayo, iibhetri, iibhanki zamandla, izixhobo zombane, izibane ze-LED kunye neetheminali zokuthengisa, njl.
▍ Umgangatho woVavanyo lwebhetri yeBIS
Iseli ye-nickel / ibhetri: IS 16046 (Icandelo 1): 2018/ IEC62133-1: 2017
Iseli yelithium / ibhetri: IS 16046 (Icandelo 2): 2018/ IEC62133-2: 2017
Iseli yemali/ibhetri ifakiwe kwiCRS.
▍Kutheni i-MCM?
● Besijonge kwisiqinisekiso sase-India ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 kwaye sincede umxhasi ukuba afumane ileta yokuqala yehlabathi ye-BIS yebhetri. Kwaye sinamava asebenzayo kunye noqokelelo oluluqilima lwezixhobo kwicandelo lezatifiketi ze-BIS.
● Amagosa aphezulu angaphambili eBureau of Indian Standards (BIS) aqeshwe njengabacebisi bezatifikethi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemeko kunye nokususwa komngcipheko wokucinywa kwenombolo yobhaliso.
● Sixhotyiswe ngezakhono eziqinileyo zokusombulula iingxaki kwisiqinisekiso, sidibanisa izixhobo zemveli eIndiya. I-MCM igcina unxibelelwano oluhle kunye nabasemagunyeni be-BIS ukubonelela abathengi ngeyona nto iphambili, eyona nkcazelo yobugcisa kunye neyona inegunya lesatifikethi kunye nenkonzo.
● Sikhonza iinkampani ezikhokelayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo kwaye sizuze igama elihle kwintsimi, esenza sithembeke kakhulu kwaye sixhaswe ngabaxhasi.
ULwandle Olubomvu kuphela kwendlela yokuba iinqanawa zihambe phakathi kweAtlantiki kunye noLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya. Ime ekudibaneni kwamazwekazi amabini aseAsia naseAfrika. Isiphelo sayo esisemazantsi sidibanisa uLwandle lwaseArabia kunye noLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya ngeBab el-Mandeb Strait, kwaye isiphelo sayo esisemantla sidibana noLwandle lweMeditera kunye noLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki kwiSuez Canal. Indlela enqumla kwiBab el-Mandeb Strait, uLwandle oluBomvu kunye neSuez Canal yenye yezona ndlela zixakekileyo zokuthumela ngenqanawa ehlabathini. I-Suez Canal ngoku kufuneka ibe ngowona mthambo omkhulu wezothutho kwihlabathi, ngakumbi xa iPanama Canal okwangoku ijongene nokunqongophala kwamanzi kunye nokunciphisa umthamo wokuhamba. Njengomjelo ophambili wokuhamba weAsia-Europe, Asia-Meditera, kunye ne-Asia-Mpuma yeUnited States iindlela, iSuez Canal, impembelelo yayo kurhwebo lwehlabathi kunye nokuhanjiswa kweenqanawa kubaluleke kakhulu. NgokweNeue Zürcher Zeitung, malunga ne-12% yothutho lwempahla yehlabathi jikelele idlula kuLwandle oluBomvu kunye neSuez Canal.
Ukusukela oko kwaqhambuka umjikelo omtsha wengxwabangxwaba yasePalestine-yakwaSirayeli, imikhosi exhobileyo yaseYemen yaseHouthi isoloko iqalisa ukuhlaselwa kwemijukujelwa kunye nedrone kwaSirayeli ngezizathu “zokuxhasa iPalestina” kwaye bezisoloko zihlasela iinqanawa “ezinxulunyaniswa noSirayeli” kuLwandle oluBomvu. Ngenxa yeendaba ezixhaphakileyo zokuhlaselwa kweenqanawa zorhwebo kufutshane ne-Red Sea-Mandeb Strait, iinqanawa ezininzi zeenqanawa kwihlabathi liphela-iSwitzerland iMeditera, iDanish Maersk, iFrench CMA CGM, iJamani Hapag-Lloyd, njl. Indlela yolwandle. Ukusukela nge-18 kaDisemba 2023, ezona nkampani zintlanu ziphezulu kwihlabathi zibhengeze ukuba zirhoxisiwe ukuhamba ngeenqanawa kuLwandle oluBomvu-Suez. Ukongeza, i-COSCO, i-Orient Overseas Shipping (OOCL) kunye ne-Evergreen Marine Corporation (EMC) nayo yathi iinqanawa zabo zeenqanawa ziyakumisa ukuhamba ngeenqanawa kuLwandle oluBomvu. Okwangoku, iinkampani ezinkulu zehlabathi zokuthumela iikhonteyina sele ziqalile okanye sele ziza kunqumamisa ukuhamba ngeenqanawa kwindlela yoLwandle oluBomvu ukuya eSuez.
Ingxaki yoLwandle oluBomvu ithintele ukubhukisha kuzo zonke iindlela eziya ngasentshona kwiMpuma yeAsia, kubandakanywa noMbindi Mpuma, uLwandle oluBomvu, uMntla Afrika, uLwandle oluMnyama, impuma yeMeditera, intshona yeMeditera kunye nomntla-ntshona weYurophu.
