Uphando kwiNgqo ngokuUkuchasa,
Ngqo ngoku,

▍Yintoni i-CTIA CERTIFICATION?

I-CTIA, isishunqulelo se-Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association, ngumbutho woluntu ongenzi nzuzo owasekwa ngo-1984 ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa inzuzo yabasebenzi, abavelisi kunye nabasebenzisi. I-CTIA ibandakanya bonke abasebenzi base-US kunye nabavelisi abavela kwiinkonzo zikanomathotholo eziphathwayo, kunye nakwiinkonzo zedatha ezingenazingcingo kunye neemveliso. Ixhaswa yiFCC (iKomishoni yoNxibelelwano lwe-Federal) kunye neCongress, i-CTIA yenza inxalenye enkulu yemisebenzi kunye nemisebenzi eyayisetyenziselwa ukuqhutywa ngurhulumente. Ngo-1991, i-CTIA yenze inkqubo yovavanyo lwemveliso engakhethi cala, ezimeleyo nebekwe kwindawo esembindini kunye nenkqubo yoqinisekiso yoshishino olungenazingcingo. Ngaphantsi kwenkqubo, zonke iimveliso ezingenazingcingo ezikwibakala labathengi ziya kuthatha iimvavanyo zokuthobela kwaye abo bathobela imigangatho efanelekileyo baya kunikwa ukuba basebenzise uphawu lwe-CTIA kunye nokubetha iishelufa zevenkile yentengiso yonxibelelwano yaseMntla Melika.

I-CATL (i-CTIA eGunyaziweyo yoVavanyo lweLebhu) imele iilebhu ezivunyiweyo yi-CTIA ukuze zivavanywe kwaye zihlolwe. Iingxelo zovavanyo ezikhutshwe kwi-CATL ziya kuvunywa zonke yi-CTIA. Ngelixa ezinye iingxelo zovavanyo kunye neziphumo ezisuka kwi-non-CATL zingayi kuqatshelwa okanye zingabi nafikelelo kwi-CTIA. I-CATL evunyiweyo yi-CTIA iyahluka kumashishini kunye neziqinisekiso. I-CATL kuphela efanelekile kuvavanyo lokuthotyelwa kwebhetri kunye nokuhlolwa inokufikelela kwisatifikethi sebhetri sokuthotyelwa kwe-IEEE1725.

▍CTIA iMigangatho yoVavanyo lwebhetri

a) Imfuneko yesiQinisekiso seSistim yeBattery Ukuthotyelwa kwe-IEEE1725— iFaneka kwiiNkqubo zeBattery ezineseli enye okanye iiseli ezininzi ezidityaniswe ngokufanayo;

b) IMfuneko yeSiqinisekiso seSistim yeBattery Ukuthotyelwa kwe-IEEE1625- Isebenza kwiiSystems zeBattery ezineeseli ezininzi ezidityaniswe ngokufana okanye kuzo zombini ezihambelanayo kunye nochungechunge;

Iingcebiso ezifudumeleyo: Khetha ngaphezulu kwemigangatho yoqinisekiso ngokufanelekileyo kwiibhetri ezisetyenziswa kwiifowuni eziphathwayo kunye neekhompyuter. Musa ukusebenzisa kakubi i-IEE1725 kwiibhetri kwiifowuni eziphathwayo okanye i-IEEE1625 kwiibhetri ezikwiikhompyutha.

▍Kutheni i-MCM?

●Itekhnoloji enzima:Ukusukela ngo-2014, i-MCM ibizimasa inkomfa yokupakisha ibhetri ebanjwa yi-CTIA e-US minyaka le, kwaye iyakwazi ukufumana uhlaziyo lwamva nje nokuqonda iindlela ezintsha zomgaqo-nkqubo malunga ne-CTIA ngendlela ekhawulezayo, echanekileyo nesebenzayo.

●Isiqinisekiso:I-MCM yiCATL evunyiweyo yi-CTIA kwaye ifanelekile ukwenza zonke iinkqubo ezinxulumene nesatifikethi kubandakanya uvavanyo, uphicotho lwefektri kunye nokufakwa kwengxelo.

Ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nokukhutshwa kweebhetri, umthamo uya kuthotyelwa ngokugqithiswa kwe-overvoltage okubangelwa ukuchasana kwangaphakathi. Njengeparameter ebalulekileyo yebhetri, ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kulufanele uphando lokuhlalutya ukuhla kwebhetri. Ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi kwebhetri kuqulethe:
I-Ohm ukuchasana kwangaphakathi (RΩ) -Ukuxhathisa kwiithebhu, i-electrolyte, i-separator kunye namanye amacandelo.Intlawulo yokuhanjiswa kwe-internal resistance (Rct) - Ukuxhatshazwa kwee-ion ezidlulayo iithebhu kunye ne-electrolyte. Oku kubonisa ubunzima bokusabela kweethebhu. Ngokuqhelekileyo sinokunyusa i-conductivity ukunciphisa oku kuxhathisa.I-Polarization Resistance (Rmt) ukuchasana kwangaphakathi okubangelwa ubuninzi bokungalingani kwe-lithium ion phakathi kwe-cathode kunye ne-anode. I-Polarization Resistance iya kuba phezulu kwiimeko ezifana nokutshaja kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi okanye intlawulo ephezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo silinganisa i-ACIR okanye i-DCIR. I-ACIR yinkcaso yangaphakathi elinganiswa kwi-1k Hz AC yangoku. Oku kuxhathisa kwangaphakathi kwaziwa ngokuba yi-Ohm resistance. Ukunqongophala kwedatha kukuba ayikwazi ukubonisa ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwebhetri. I-DCIR ilinganiswa ngokunyanzeliswa kwangoku ngokuqhubekayo ngexesha elifutshane, apho i-voltage iguquka ngokuqhubekayo. Ukuba i-current current i-I, kwaye utshintsho lwe-voltage ngelo xesha elifutshane ngu-ΔＵ, ngokomthetho we-Ohm Ｒ＝ΔＵ／Ｉ Singayifumana i-DCIR. I-DCIR ayisiyiyo kuphela i-Ohm ukuchasana kwangaphakathi, kodwa kwakhona ukuhlawulisa ukunyanzeliswa kokudluliselwa kunye nokumelana ne-polarization.Kuhlala kunzima kuphando lwe-DCIR yebhetri ye-lithium-ion. Ikakhulu kungenxa yokuba ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion kuncinci kakhulu, kuqhelekile ukuba yimΩ. Okwangoku njengecandelo elisebenzayo, kunzima ukulinganisa ukuchasana kwangaphakathi ngokuthe ngqo. Ngaphandle koko, ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi kuphenjelelwa yimeko yemo engqongileyo, njengobushushu kunye nobume beentlawulo. Apha ngezantsi kukho imigangatho ekhankanyiweyo malunga nendlela yokuvavanya i-DCIR.