Umgaqo-nkqubo webhetri waseJapan——Utoliko lohlelo olutsha lweSicwangciso soShishino lweBattery,
Umgaqo-nkqubo webhetri waseJapan,

▍Yintoni i-ANATEL Homologation?

I-ANATEL yinto emfutshane ye-Agencia Nacional de Telecomunicacoes enegunya likarhulumente waseBrazil kwiimveliso zonxibelelwano eziqinisekisiweyo kuzo zombini isiqinisekiso esisisinyanzelo kunye nesokuzithandela.Ukuvunywa kwayo kunye neenkqubo zokuthotyelwa ziyafana zombini kwimveliso yaseBrazil yasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.Ukuba iimveliso zisebenza kwisatifikethi esinyanzelekileyo, isiphumo sovavanyo kunye nengxelo kufuneka ihambelane nemigaqo nemimiselo echaziweyo njengoko kucelwe ngu-ANATEL.Isiqinisekiso semveliso siya kunikwa ngu ANATEL kuqala phambi kokuba imveliso isasazwe kwintengiso kwaye ifakwe kwisicelo esisebenzayo.

▍ Ngubani onoxanduva lwe-ANATEL Homologation?

Imibutho esemgangathweni karhulumente waseBrazil, amanye amaqumrhu esiqinisekiso kunye neelebhu zovavanyo zinegunya lesiqinisekiso se-ANATEL sokuhlalutya inkqubo yemveliso yeyunithi yokuvelisa, njengenkqubo yoyilo lwemveliso, ukuthengwa kwempahla, inkqubo yokuvelisa, emva kwenkonzo njalo njalo ukuqinisekisa imveliso ebonakalayo ukuba ithotyelwe. ngomgangatho waseBrazil.Umenzi uya kubonelela ngamaxwebhu kunye neesampuli zovavanyo kunye novavanyo.

▍Kutheni i-MCM?

● I-MCM ineminyaka eyi-10 yamava amaninzi kunye nezibonelelo kumashishini ovavanyo kunye nesiqinisekiso: inkqubo yenkonzo yomgangatho ophezulu, iqela lobugcisa eliqeqeshwe ngokunzulu, isiqinisekiso esikhawulezayo nesilula kunye nezisombululo zovavanyo.

● I-MCM isebenzisana nemibutho yasekuhlaleni ekumgangatho ophezulu evunyiweyo ngokusesikweni ebonelela ngezisombululo ezahlukeneyo, inkonzo echanekileyo neluncedo kubathengi.

Phambi kuka-2000, iJapan yayikwindawo ephambili kwimakethi yebhetri yehlabathi.Nangona kunjalo, kwinkulungwane yama-21, amashishini ebhetri aseTshayina naseKorea anyuke ngokukhawuleza ngezibonelelo zexabiso eliphantsi, enza impembelelo enamandla eJapan, kwaye isabelo semarike yehlabathi soshishino lweebhetri zaseJapan saqala ukwehla.Ngokujongana nenyaniso yokuba ukhuphiswano lweshishini lebhetri laseJapan liye lisiba buthathaka ngokuthe ngcembe, urhulumente waseJapan wakhupha izicwangciso ezifanelekileyo amaxesha amaninzi ukukhuthaza uphuhliso loshishino lweebhetri.
Ngowama-2012, iJapan yakhupha iQhinga leBattery, emisela injongo yesicwangciso-qhinga sesabelo semalike yelizwe laseJapan sifikelele kuma-50% ngowama-2020.
Ngo-2014, i-Auto Industry Strategy 2014 yabhengezwa ukuba icacise indawo ebalulekileyo yebhetri kuphuhliso lwezithuthi zombane.
Ngowama-2018, “iSicwangciso esiSiseko seSihlanu soMbane” sakhutshwa, sigxininisa ukubaluleka kweebhetri kulwakhiwo lweenkqubo zamandla “zokukhupha ikhabhoni”.
Kwinguqulelo entsha ye-2050 ye-Carbon Neutralization Green Growth Strategy ngo-2021, i-battery kunye neshishini lemoto zidweliswe njengenye ye-14 engundoqo yophuhliso lwemveliso.
Ngo-Agasti ka-2022, uMphathiswa wezoQoqosho, uRhwebo kunye noShishino (METI) ukhuphe inguqulelo entsha yeSicwangciso soShishino lweBattery, esishwankathela amava ophuhliso kunye nezifundo kushishino lwebhetri yaseJapan ukusukela ekuphunyezweni kweSicwangciso seBattery ngo-2012, kwaye kucwangciswe imithetho ecacileyo yokuphunyezwa kunye imephu yendlela yobugcisa.
Inkxaso yemali yeebhetri ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo.
Oorhulumente bamazwe amakhulu baphumeze inkxaso yemigaqo-nkqubo emikhulu yeebhetri.Ukongeza, iYurophu kunye ne-United States zikhuthaze ukubonelela ngeebhetri ezizinzileyo ngokuthintelwa kunye nemilinganiselo yerhafu.

US
Uphononongo lwe-100 yeentsuku ze-lithium yokubonelela ngebhetri;
US$2.8 yeebhiliyoni zokuxhasa ukwenziwa kweebhetri zasekhaya kunye nemveliso yezimbiwa;
Iimveliso ezinomlinganiselo ophezulu wemathiriyeli yebhetri kunye neekhomponenti ezithengwe kuMntla Melika okanye kumazwe ekhontraktha ye-FTA ziya kuxhomekeka kulawulo olukhethekileyo lwerhafu ye-EV, ekukhanyeni koMthetho wokuNcitshiswa kokunyuka kwamaxabiso.
IYurophu
Ukusekwa kwe-European Battery Alliance (EBA) ngokuthatha inxaxheba kweenkampani ezingama-500;
Ibhetri, inkxaso yemali yomzi-mveliso wezinto eziphathekayo kunye nenkxaso yophuhliso lobugcisa;
Imida yeCarbon footprint, uhlolo lwezimbiwa ezinoxanduva, kunye nezithintelo kwimathiriyeli yokurisayikilisha phantsi kwe-(EU)2023/1542.